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Subjects and Methods of Fenoterol Use in Exercise-Induced Asthma

Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a very frequent clinical problem. Often asthmatic patients avoid exercise, sometimes on mistaken advice of a physician. In fact, it is usually possible to completely prevent exercise-induced asthma, or to minimize its severity, by prophylactic administration of certain drugs. The most effective preventive measure is inhalation of an aerosolized beta-adrenergic agent, a few minutes before the exercise. Up to 75 percent to 87 percent of patients can be completely protected from EIA by

Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases: Hemopoietic Processes as Targets of Therapy

Get acquainted with previously published articles upon this subject: Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases: Inflammation in Asthma and Related Airway Diseases Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations Modulation of Eosinophil Differentiation by CS Hemopoietic mechanisms can be targeted by antiallergic therapies (Table 1). For example, topical treatment with CS can affect the hemopoietic response by abrogation of cytokine production by airways tissues, reduction in peripheral blood Eo/B progenitors, and decreases in BM myeloid progenitors (in a canine asthma model). Most likely, inhaled CS in these models exert their effects on the marrow progenitor

Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations

Systemic vs Local Therapy The knowledge that systemic inflammation occurs in conditions where the inflammation is primarily localized to the respiratory tract has led to debate as to whether it is necessary to treat these conditions systemically or whether local treatment is sufficient; in this discussion, it is not precluded that local treatment may have some beneficial (direct or indirect) systemic effects. The type of inflammation locally also may determine choice of therapy. The development of induced

Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases: Inflammation in Asthma and Related Airway Diseases

Eosinophilic and basophilic inflammation is present in a large number of allergic and nonallergic airway diseases. These conditions include, but are not limited to, allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis and rhinosinus-itis, nasal polyposis, allergic and nonallergic asthma, and some forms of COPD . Eosinophils are pivotal in the pathophysiology of most forms of chronic respiratory mucosal inflammation. There is strong evidence for the crucial role of eosinophils in ongoing inflammation and tissue damage. Granules of eosinophils contain

Eosinophil Progenitors in Airway Diseases

A topic and atopyrelated diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis have until now primarily been conceived as occurring in specific local tissues, for example the lung, nose, and skin, respectively. Recently, however, the notion of the systemic nature of allergy has been proposed, based on numerous clinical, neurophysiologic, and epidemiologic findings. Although the exact nature of these relationships is still not fully understood, an important mechanism to consider is the active participation

Detection of Airway Obstruction in Exercise-Induced Asthma Observations

In most studies, the workload is reported as treadmill speed, the angle of inclination (or percentage of grade), and length of the exercise period. It has been shown that the external work performed on a treadmill also depends on body weight. Thus, to obtain more uniform and comparable data in the period after exercise, the workload expressed in watts was standardized per kilogram of body weight. Mild to moderate workloads requiring only a fast walk

Detection of Airway Obstruction in Exercise-Induced Asthma Outcomes

Heart Rate Response All patients increased their heart rates to 40-55 percent of predicted maximum heart rate during Wl and to 60-75 percent of predicted maximum heart rate during W2. In nearly all patients heart rates reached the steady state levels within three minutes; but in a few cases continuous increase in heart rates was observed, and by the end of the exercise, reached nearly 200 beats per minute. No extrasystoles or other arrhythmias were

Detection of Airway Obstruction in Exercise-Induced Asthma

Increased airway obstruction following exercise has frequently been observed in asthmatic patients. Different parameters such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), airway resistance (Raw), and specific airway conductance (SG.w)e have been used as indices of airway obstruction. Some authors have commented on the value of the stethoscope or the patients’ dyspnea in determining airway obstruction. The failure to establish a more accurate definition of exercise-induced asthma (EIA) can be partially

Disscusion about Conscious Perception of Bronchospasm as a Protective Phenomenon in Asthma

Previous publications on this topic: Conscious Perception of Bronchospasm as a Protective Phenomenon in Asthma Results of Conscious Perception of Bronchospasm as a Protective Phenomenon in Asthma Both neural and chemically mediated events contribute to the ventilatory responses seen when external loads are added to a subject’s breathing. The responses to internally loaded breathing cannot yet be studied in such a pure form. Thus, in our attempts to quantify the relationships between an internally added load and a subject’s awareness of the load, a number of compromises were accepted. The subjects were part of a well-motivated group

Results of Conscious Perception of Bronchospasm as a Protective Phenomenon in Asthma

Table 1 represents comparisons for the following indices of pulmonary function: total lung capacity (TLC), FRC, RV, FEVi, Raw, Vmax50 (uncorrected for lung volume), and V/V25-75. Comparisons were made in the following fashion. Consider the values of Raw for subject 1. On the first occasion listed, subject 1 was asymptomatic, the Raw being 76 percent of predicted. A change of 127 percent from that baseline level was seen when symptoms first became apparent. On the second occasion listed,