In the group with bronchial asthma, all doses of ipratropium and isoproterenol produced significant (P < 0.05) improvements in the FEVi, compared with the placebo, within five minutes of administration. The duration of significant improvement in FEVi was less than 15 minutes after the lO^g dose of ipratropium bromide; it was 30 minutes after the 20/xg dose of ipratropium bromide and after 75/xg of isoproterenol, one hour for 150/ig of isoproterenol, and up to four hours after the two higher doses of ipratropium (Fig 1).
Similar results were obtained for the FVC in the group with bronchial asthma (Table 1). Significant improvement occurred within five minutes after both active compounds and lasted for one hour after both doses of isoproterenol and after 20/^g of ipratropium bromide. The two other higher doses of ipratropium had a duration of action, in terms of significant increases over the placebo values, of four hours.
Administration of isoproterenol in the group with bronchial asthma significantly increased the FEF 200-1200 within five minutes, and the effect lasted one to two hours (Table 2). The lOfig dose of ipratropium bromide had no significant effect when compared with placebo. The onset of significant improvement was one hour with 20/xg and 80/mg of ipratropium bromide and was five minutes for 40/*g of ipratropium bromide. Significant increases in FEF 200-1200 were maintained for three and four hours after 40/*g and 80/xg of ipratropium bromide, respectively. In the group with chronic bronchitis or chronic asthmatic bronchitis, the values for FEVi and FVC were significantly increased within five minutes after all doses of the active compounds (Table 3). Both doses of isoproterenol remained effective at a significant level for one hour. The three lower doses of ipratropium fyad significant effects for three to four hours, while the 80/ig dose significantly increased both the FEVi and FVC for five hours. The 80^g dose of ipratropium bromide had the largest and most prolonged increase (Fig 2 and 3).In the group with chronic bronchitis or chronic asthmatic bronchitis, the FEF 200-1200 improved significantly within five minutes when isoproterenol was used in either dose, but after 30 minutes the effect was no longer significant. The onset of action of ipratropium bromide ranged from 15 minutes for the 80/ig dose to 30 minutes for the 20/ig dose. While the effect of the lower doses of ipratropium bromide began to decline within one to three hours, the 80/ig dose remained effective at a significant level (P < 0.05) for five hours. On the basis of statistical analysis of this group with the three asthmatic bronchitic patients deleted, the results were not significantly different from the whole group.
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No side effects were reported by the patients in the group with chronic bronchitis or chronic asthmatic bronchitis (read more articles in the category https://onlineasthmainhalers.com/category/bronchial-asthma). In the group with bronchial asthma, one patient reported pains in the chest and back after 150/xg of isoproterenol; one patient reported dizziness after 10/i.g of ipratropium bromide, and one reported blocked ears after 20/ig of ipratropium bromide. These two reactions experienced after administration of ipratropium did not recur when the same individuals received higher or lower doses of the same drug.
There were no significant changes in blood pressure or oulse in either group. The results of urinalysis, complete blood cell counts, and studies of blood chemistry did not show any changes that could be attributed to the testing agents.
Figure 1. Changes in FEVa0 in individuals with bronchial asthma after inhalation of isoproterenol, ipratropium bromide, and placebo.
Figure 2. Changes in FVC in individuals with chronic bronchitis after inhalation of isoproterenol, ipratropium bromide, and placebo.
Figure 3. Changes in FEV10 in individuals with chronic bronchitis after inhalation of isoproterenol, ipratropium bromide, and placebo.
Table 1 —Mean Changes in FVC (ml) from Baseline in Ten Patients writh Bronchial Asthma
| Ipratropium Bromide | IsoproterenolA | ||||||
| Placebo | 10 Mg | 20 Mg | 40 Mg | 80 Mg | r75 Mg | 150 Mg | |
| BaselineTi me after administration | 2,264.0 | 2,155.0 | 2,267.0 | 2,297.0 | 2,247.0 | 2,194.0 | 2,262.0 |
| 5 min | -197.0 | 100.0* | 105.0* | 113.0* | 47.0* | 350.0* | 395.0* |
| 15 min | —99.0 | 78.0 | 169.0* | 215.0* | 183.0* | 206.4* | 303.0* |
| 30 min | -115.0 | 24.0 | 171.0* | 121.0* | 233.0* | 236.0* | 124.0* |
| 1 hr | -189.0 | 167.0* | 193.0* | 207.0* | 230.0* | 126.0* | 158.0* |
| 2 hr | -83.0 | 126.0* | 86.0 | 282.0* | 292.0* | 83.0 | 24.0 |
| 3 hr | -63.0 | 134.0* | 54.0 | 151.0* | 272.0* | -54.0 | -117.0 |
| 4 hr | -180.0 | 71.0* | -153.0 | 70.0* | 88.0* | 23.0* | -98.0 |
| 5 hr | –100.0 | 17.0 | -25.0 | –66.0 | 19.0 | -33.0 | -132.0 |
| 6 hr | -118.0 | 70.0 | –86.8 | 18.0 | -38 0 | 17.0 | -204.9 |
| Ipratropium Bromide | IsoproterenolA. | ||||||
| Placebo | 10 /ig | 20 /ig | 40 /ig | 80 Mg | r75 Mg | 150 Mg | |
| BaselineTime after administration | 99.60 | 87.95 | 87.40 | 92.45 | 94.60 | 83.00 | 96.85 |
| 5 min | -27.55 | 4.95 | 13.30 | 18.70* | 1.65 | 38.60 | 48.95* |
| 15 min | -17.35 | 11.00 | 22.95 | 25.80* | 19.85 | 34.73* | 42.95* |
| 30 min | -12.90 | 0.92 | 24.80 | 32.60* | 16.65 | 31.70* | 41.75* |
| 1 hr | -26.40 | 6.55 | 25.10* | 50.65* | 26.55* | 20.65* | 29.85* |
| 2 hr | -14.25 | 6.05 | 14.30 | 45.10* | 31.80* | 5.75 | 31.30* |
| 3 hr | -11.35 | 7.65 | 10.40 | 36.85* | 18.85 | -0.70 | –20.10 |
| 4 hr | -26.35 | 2.05 | -12.90 | 9.05 | 18.20* | –1.20 | -8.75 |
| 5 hr | –22.00 | -6.15 | 6.50 | 6.05 | 18.25 | 15.00 | -19.50 |
| 6hr | -12.30 | -0.65 | 8.19 | 16.10 | 5.35 | 7.90 | -24.88 |
Table 3—Mean Changes in FVC (ml) from Baseline in Ten Patients with Chronic Bronchitis
| Placebo | 10 Mg | Ipratropi20 Mg | urn Bromide_40 Mg | 80 Mg | Isoproi 75 Mg | berenolк150 Mg | |
| BaselineTime after administration | 1,442.0 | 1,557.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,547.0 | 1,587.0 | 1,552.0 | 1,536.0 |
| 5 min | -17.0 | 101.0* | 134.0* | 161.0* | 171.0* | 209.0* | 193.0* |
| 15 min | 121.0 | 191.0 | 193.0 | 261.0* | 268.0* | 164.0 | 165.0 |
| 30 min | 34.0 | 138.0* | 198.0* | 312.0* | 287.0* | 120.0* | 169.0* |
| 1 hr | 9.0 | 222.0* | 240.0* | 301.0* | 211.0* | 60.0 | 105.0* |
| 2 hr | 36.0 | 197.0* | 209.0* | 273.0* | 308.0* | 65.0 | 11.0 |
| 3 hr | 26.0 | 132.0* | 198.0* | 238.0* | 216.0* | 46.0 | 18.0 |
| 4 hr | 110.0 | 124.0 | 128.0 | 121.0* | 215.0 | 91.0 | 57.0 |
| 5 hr | 106.0 | -8.0* | 78.0 | 117.0 | 203.0* | 123.0 | -19.0* |
| 6 hr | 79.0 | -47.0* | 1.0 | 84.0 | 106.0 | 66.0 | 12 0 |